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Portrait of the Mother Superior

Creation period
1912
Dimensions
217x51 cm
Technique
Reproduction
1
Open in app
#1
Yuon C.F. (?)
Portrait of the Mother Superior of the Marfo-Mariinsky Convent
#7
The portrait of the Grand Duchess Elizaveta Fyodorovna was presumably painted by Constantine Yuon. According to another version, it could have been authored by his student - the artist Ivan Mitrofanov. However, the latter wrote in his diary that Yuon had also participated in the work: ‘Yuon brought a big picture… and said: “…you will write from the photo…” And continued: “Yuon skillfully extinguished the whiteness…, and Yuon took over the entire sanctified right part…” 

The Grand Duchess Elizaveta Fyodorovna was the Mother Superior of the Marfo-Mariinsky Convent of Mercy. Her whole life was dedicated to charity including care for children from poor families - she was the guardian of numerous organisations that helped orphans and children from poor families. One such institution, Elizaveta’s Gymnasium in Moscow, provided education to the daughters of soldiers who had died in the Russo-Turkish war of 1877-1878. It was in honour of the guardian Elizaveta Fyodorovna. The original portrait, presented in the exposition adorned the assembly hall of the institution. And after the 1917 October revolution the canvas found its way to the artist Ivan Mitrofanov: his uncle had been appointed head of the labour school set up instead of the gymnasium, who, in most likelihood, had handed the portrait over to his nephew. 
#8
The Marfo-Mariinsky Convent, founded by Elizaveta Fyodorovna, had a shelter for girls and ran a canteen that offered food to the needy with over 300 meals distributed daily. Sisters of mercy served in it. The life of the sisters of mercy was very much like that of monks, but it differed in that their main job was to help the needy and care for the sick in the hospital.
The Grand Duchess lived in the Convent, cared for the patients in the local hospital, applied bandages and assisted doctors during surgery. She often slept three to four hours a day and strictly observed the Lent. She organised medical courses for the sisters of the Convent and the hospital soon became a model one, where patients from all over Moscow were referred to.
#9
It was unsafe to mention the death of the Romanov family in the Soviet times, so Ivan Mitrofanov changed some of the details on the canvas. He retouched the facial features, painted over the cross and Constantine Yuon’s signature.
#5
The horizontal breaks, indicative of the painting’s difficult fate, that were part of the original canvas, are visible even on the reproduction. Mitrofanov hid the picture in a ground stash for some time. The canvas survived and later, the artist handed over the work to the Oryol State Literary Museum named after Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev, where it is kept today.
Constantine Yuon. Self-portrait (fragment). 1912. The State Russian Museum, St. Petersburg
#10
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Portrait of the Mother Superior

Creation period
1912
Dimensions
217x51 cm
Technique
Reproduction
1
Point your smartphone camera to open in the app
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To see AR mode in action:
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  2. iOS or Android;
  3. Find and download the «Paintings in Details» exhibition
  4. Push the «Augmented reality» button and point your phone's camera at the painting;
  5. Watch what happens on your phone screen whilst you flip through the pictures.
 
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