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Title page of a Book by A. Jenkinson

Pieter van der Aa
Creation period
circa 18th century
Dimensions
36x22,5 cm
Technique
black print
3
Open in app
#1
Pieter van Der Aa 
Title page of a Book by A. Jenkinson
#3
Anthony Jenkinson (dates of life: 1529—1610) was truly a man of legendary personality. This English diplomat, founder of the Lords of Liverpool dynasty was the first European traveler who told the world about Middle Asia and Caspian Sea. He visited Russia four times during 14 years.
During the Livonian War, English Merchant Adventurers, what they called themselves, became concerned about finding a way to China skirting Portugal and Spain. To realize this ambitious dream, a specially established Mystery Company organized an expedition and its boats arrived in the region of today’s Severodvinsk. 

Richard Chancellor, the founder of Mystery Company, first made it to Kholmogory and then to Moscow where he was received in audience by Ivan IV and presented Tsar with a message from King Edward VI of England. Following the results of negotiations with the Russian Tsar, the charming Englishman obtained the right of free trade for his Company. 
 
Mystery was renamed into Muscovy Company. Chancellor who deceased in the autumn of 1556 was replaced in the position of official ambassador by Anthony Jenkinson. His top priority task was to get charters of immunity and permission for travel along the Volga River to the Caspian Sea. 
 
The courteous diplomat offered to act as an explorer of trade route to China through Bukhara and Ivan the Terrible agreed. An outcome of the travel from the White Sea to the Caspian was a book with a map of Tsardom of Russia. It was published in London in 1562 under the title Description of Muscovy, Russia and Tartaria. 
#9
Description of Muscovy, Russia and Tartaria
#7
Of course, the map was inaccurate; it could not have been otherwise. Topology of many parts was far from reality, not a few objects were mapped on the basis of some misinterpreted stories. For example, so-called China Lake on the Ob River or fabled Kazakia evokes nothing but a good laugh today. 

People on a tree worshipping a humanlike god were most probably borrowed from the works of Marco Polo. But let us not judge Anthony Jenkinson too harshly: in the 16th century, the science of cartography was just at its infancy, and the credit of defining true geographic vision of our planet partly goes to him. 
 
For Northerners, the first part of the publication is particularly interesting as the Englishman describes there Pomorye and its population as it was 30 years before the foundation of Arkhangelsk. The traveler going upstream the Dvina River was delighted with pristine beauty of rocky riverbanks covered with thick forest. 
 
Jenkinson visited Ustyug, Totma, and other towns, willingly communicated with local inhabitants and took note of patterns of their everyday life. Even with certain naïve perception factored in, the material collected by him has indisputable historic value.
Anthony, or Anton as he was renamed by the Russians, also became known as the person in charge of the delicate task of matchmaking for the Tsar. Through his agency Ivan the Terrible tried to agree upon matrimonial alliance with Queen Elizabeth I but this endeavor was unrewarded by success. 
#10
Anne Whateley, the daughter of the traveler, was engaged to William Shakespeare before his marriage to Anne Hathaway. It appears that would-be father in law of the great dramatist visited the Russian North more than once and Shakespeare could write his creations with the light of a candle made from “Moscow fat”.
#11
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Title page of a Book by A. Jenkinson

Pieter van der Aa
Creation period
circa 18th century
Dimensions
36x22,5 cm
Technique
black print
3
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To see AR mode in action:
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  2. iOS or Android;
  3. Find and download the «Paintings in Details» exhibition
  4. Push the «Augmented reality» button and point your phone's camera at the painting;
  5. Watch what happens on your phone screen whilst you flip through the pictures.
 
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