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2. Find the exhibition «Life of Sami People in the 18th–19th Centuries»

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Spindle whorl

Creation period
the late 19th century
Place of сreation
the village of Yokanga, the Kola Peninsula, the Russian Empire
Dimensions
diameter — 4 cm
Technique
bone, carving
2
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#4

Artistic traditions of the Sami people are manifested in the decoration of practically all kinds of products: traditional costume (headdresses, shoulder clothes, belts, sashes, gloves, mittens, gaiters, and shoes), household products (dishes, tablecloths, interior items, cradles, fur and leather saddle bags, cases, needle cases, and blankets) and tools (knives, spinning wheels, spindle whorls, spindles and others).

For spinning, Sami people use spinning wheels, but they are also good at making yarns without these tools — with the help of a spindle and a spindle whorl. To make tow, they comb wool on rectangular brushes with metal teeth and put it next to them. The yarn from the tow is spun with the left hand, while the right hand rotates the spindle with a massive spindle whorl.

The ethnographer Anna Pavlovna Kosmenko wrote,

#6

The method of spinning with a spindle, which is widely used nowadays, was also documented by Finnish researchers who visited Russian Lapland in the first decades of the 20th century, which testifies to its traditionality among the Kola Sami. The spinner spun the thread on a spindle from the tow placed in a box next to her. Probably, it was one of the most ancient methods, preceding the spinning of threads with the help of a more advanced tool — a spinning wheel.

#7

The spindle (noalte) was carved round from birch, thickened in the middle and narrowed towards the top. On the lower part of the spindle a rounded spindle whorl (noallte vyjem) made of birch root or reindeer horn was placed. The size of the spindle whorl was quite large: diameter — 4–6 cm, width in the center — about 2 cm. The spindle whorl is spheroidal, convex in the center and tapering to the edges. In the center of the product a conical hole was made for putting it on the lower part of the spindle.

The Murmansk Museum of Local History displays a part of a spindle — a spindle whorl made of reindeer horn and decorated with carving. A spindle whorl is a weight in the form of a disk or a low cylinder with a through hole along the longitudinal axis, used for making the spindle heavy and fixing the yarn.

#5
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Spindle whorl

Creation period
the late 19th century
Place of сreation
the village of Yokanga, the Kola Peninsula, the Russian Empire
Dimensions
diameter — 4 cm
Technique
bone, carving
2
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  5. Watch what happens on your phone screen whilst you flip through the pictures.
 
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