The exhibition of the museum displays a descent vehicle of spacecraft ‘Soyuz-22’, intended for the return of astronauts and important cargoes from orbit to the surface of the Earth. It was in it that the crew commander Valery BykOvsky and the flight engineer Vladimir AksEnov returned to Earth after the completion of the flight in 1976.
The apparatus is a sealed section made of aluminium alloy with two side and one lower porthole. On the outside, its hull is covered with a thermal layer of brown colour. A circular opening hatch is arranged in the narrow part of the apparatus, and a parachute compartment is arranged above it.
The mass of the apparatus is 2point8 tons, the volume of the inhabitable section is 3point85 cubic meters, and the air volume is 2point5 cubic meters. In addition to astronauts, the spacecraft can deliver up to 100 kilograms of cargo to Earth.
Inside the descent vehicle are shock-absorbant seats for astronauts, spacecraft control handles, instruments and equipment for main and auxiliary systems, containers for scientific equipment, radio communications and direction measurement, as well as a reserve stock of products, equipment and medical supplies for 5 days.
The machine descends to Earth in several stages. First, after aerodynamic braking at the descent phase, the barometric sensors measure the pressure overboard. If it corresponds to the height of 9point6 kilometers, the program-timing device is activated, which after 16point5 seconds gives the signal that the main parachute is to be ejected. The performance of the parachute is controlled by measuring the rate of descent. If it exceeds the permissible limit, the emergency parachute system shall be activated.
Seventy-five seconds after the vehicle reaches 5point5 km altitude, the front heat shield is separated from the vehicle and the soft landing engines interlock is switched off. In addition, the program-timing device switches on the gamma ray altimeter and activates a chair depreciation system. At which point, on cue from the altimeter, the soft landing engines shall be activated. So the flight begins with a controlled descent, which, as astronauts point out, due to vibrations and shaking, resembles driving on a cobblestone bridge.
The apparatus is a sealed section made of aluminium alloy with two side and one lower porthole. On the outside, its hull is covered with a thermal layer of brown colour. A circular opening hatch is arranged in the narrow part of the apparatus, and a parachute compartment is arranged above it.
The mass of the apparatus is 2point8 tons, the volume of the inhabitable section is 3point85 cubic meters, and the air volume is 2point5 cubic meters. In addition to astronauts, the spacecraft can deliver up to 100 kilograms of cargo to Earth.
Inside the descent vehicle are shock-absorbant seats for astronauts, spacecraft control handles, instruments and equipment for main and auxiliary systems, containers for scientific equipment, radio communications and direction measurement, as well as a reserve stock of products, equipment and medical supplies for 5 days.
The machine descends to Earth in several stages. First, after aerodynamic braking at the descent phase, the barometric sensors measure the pressure overboard. If it corresponds to the height of 9point6 kilometers, the program-timing device is activated, which after 16point5 seconds gives the signal that the main parachute is to be ejected. The performance of the parachute is controlled by measuring the rate of descent. If it exceeds the permissible limit, the emergency parachute system shall be activated.
Seventy-five seconds after the vehicle reaches 5point5 km altitude, the front heat shield is separated from the vehicle and the soft landing engines interlock is switched off. In addition, the program-timing device switches on the gamma ray altimeter and activates a chair depreciation system. At which point, on cue from the altimeter, the soft landing engines shall be activated. So the flight begins with a controlled descent, which, as astronauts point out, due to vibrations and shaking, resembles driving on a cobblestone bridge.
The landing speed of the descent vehicle on the main parachute system, taking into account the impulse from the soft landing engines, shall not exceed 6 metres per second.
