The Order of the Red Star was established by Resolution of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR in April 1930. This award was given for outstanding achievements in the defense of the USSR, both in wartime and in peacetime, as well as for services to national security. The Order of the Red Star was worn on the left side of the chest until the summer of 1943. Then it was worn on the right and, if there were other orders, they were placed after the Order of the Patriotic War, 2nd class.
The award is a five-pointed star covered with ruby-red enamel. There is a shield depicting a figure of a Red Army soldier in a greatcoat and a budenovka with a rifle in his hands in the middle of the order. There is the motto ‘Workers of the world, unite! ’ along the shield’s circumference, and below there is an inscription ‘USSR’. The image of a hammer and sickle is under the shield.
The shield, the image of the Red Army man, the inscription, the hammer and sickle, as well as the edges of the star are oxidized, so they create a protective film on the surface using a special oxidation-reduction reaction.
In 1935, after changes in the Red Army regulations, the fighter’s position during a bayonet attack changed, so his pose on the order also changed. Initially, the Red Army soldier was depicted facing the viewer, and since 1936, turned to the right.
The order presented at the exhibition belonged to the pilot of naval aviation Nikolai Petrukhin, a native of Kazan province (nowadays — the Republic of Tatarstan). There is a set of his military awards, for example, received for the Spanish Civil War of 1936-1939 in the museum.
Nikolai Petrukhin was presented for the award of the Order of the Red Star as the Head of the Air Defense of the Northern Fleet. The extract of the award list said:
The award is a five-pointed star covered with ruby-red enamel. There is a shield depicting a figure of a Red Army soldier in a greatcoat and a budenovka with a rifle in his hands in the middle of the order. There is the motto ‘Workers of the world, unite! ’ along the shield’s circumference, and below there is an inscription ‘USSR’. The image of a hammer and sickle is under the shield.
The shield, the image of the Red Army man, the inscription, the hammer and sickle, as well as the edges of the star are oxidized, so they create a protective film on the surface using a special oxidation-reduction reaction.
In 1935, after changes in the Red Army regulations, the fighter’s position during a bayonet attack changed, so his pose on the order also changed. Initially, the Red Army soldier was depicted facing the viewer, and since 1936, turned to the right.
The order presented at the exhibition belonged to the pilot of naval aviation Nikolai Petrukhin, a native of Kazan province (nowadays — the Republic of Tatarstan). There is a set of his military awards, for example, received for the Spanish Civil War of 1936-1939 in the museum.
Nikolai Petrukhin was presented for the award of the Order of the Red Star as the Head of the Air Defense of the Northern Fleet. The extract of the award list said:
