The worm basket was made from a single piece of birch bark and equipped with a handle. Sand worms were dug out at low tide and collected in such baskets. The museum exhibit originated from the village of Unezhma, in the Onega District of Arkhangelsk Oblast. It was manufactured in the late 19th century or the first half of the 20th century.

Birch bark was one of the most abundant natural materials accessible to the Pomors. Local peasants and craftsmen used it to create a variety of everyday items. The bark was typically harvested in summer, when the trees still had sap, making it easier to remove the bark.

On a large birch tree, a flat area of bark without knots, growths, or damage was chosen. The bark was then cut along the perimeter, and the resulting rectangular piece was peeled off using a wooden spatula. This material was prepared in large quantities and brought home. During their free time after agricultural work and fishing, local residents engaged in making various items from this material, such as various baskets, boxes, and even bast shoes. They knew that if they removed no more than 50 centimeters of bark, it would not harm the tree.

Sandworms were also harvested in large amounts. These worms were dug out using special shovels and collected into birch bark baskets, mainly by women and children who had free time as they did not participate in fishing and agricultural work.

A birch bark basket with a high and flexible handle was used to carry and store sandworms. If the worms were intended for immediate use in hook and line fishing, they were covered in wet sand or algae in the basket to preserve them.

For winter fishing, the worms were strung onto strong threads, with the narrow tail section removed. The thread was threaded through the front part of the worm’s body. The thread was tied in a knot to form a tight ball. The worms were then dried on a stove or in the sun. Dried worms were hung under the roof in the attic.