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Gonfalon

Creation period
the early 20th century
Place of сreation
Mulymya village, Kondinsky District, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug
Dimensions
79x56,5 cm
Technique
forging, painting
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#1
Gonfalon
#2
A gonfalon is the oldest kind of banner. In olden times, when Russian soldiers went on a military campaign they took banners with the images of Christ, the Mother of God, the Trinity, or the most revered saints. They believed that the heavenly host would protect them in battle and help to win. Soldiers treated gonfalons with special care and made sure that the enemy would not capture or shoot arrows and damage the sacred images.
 
In Imperial Russia, each regiment had its own heavenly patron and a banner with his image. Historian Pavel Savvaitov so described the military gonfalons of 16th—17th centuries:
#5
The cloth was made in the form of a quadrangle of taffeta, damask, kindik, red bunting, dowlas; often the bottom corner of it, not adjacent to the flagstaff, was cut off, and the rest was a slope, instead of which the two or three tails were sometimes made in the form of wedges.
#4
Church gonfalons looked a little different from military ones. The cloth was attached to a crossbar on the shaft with cords. Such banners were intended for solemn processions on holidays. They were carried in front of the procession by special servants, gonfalon-bearers.
 
The most popular material for church banners was fabric of different kinds. The fabric was decorated with sacred images, that were painted, embroidered, or created in the appliqué technique. They were decorated with gold and silver threads, cords, tassels and fringe.

There were also metal gonfalons. They were more durable than fabric ones and did not fade with time. The exhibit from the Bishop’s House collection belongs to this type. The upper part of the gonfalon is framed by an openwork metal ornament; it still bears traces of the gilding. In the center, there is a painted image of Saint Nicholas the Wonderworker — the patron saint of farmers, children, soldiers and travelers, one of the most revered saints in Russia. The saint wears a bishop’s liturgical vestment: a broad long sakkos of red cloth and an omophorion — a long white band, which was worn around the neck and descended on the chest. The right hand of Nicholas the Wonderworker is raised, his fingers are folded in the gesture of blessing. The image has not been preserved in its entirety: some of the paint has faded and crumbled over time.
#3
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Gonfalon

Creation period
the early 20th century
Place of сreation
Mulymya village, Kondinsky District, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug
Dimensions
79x56,5 cm
Technique
forging, painting
0
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To see AR mode in action:
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  5. Watch what happens on your phone screen whilst you flip through the pictures.
 
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