The Sarmatians widely used bronze cauldrons and pots, as well as a variety of imported metal vessels. The cauldron from the collection of the Azov museum-reserve was found by archaeologists in a burial mound on the left bank of the Lower Don in the village of Vysochino in 1982. Two more caches with gold and silver utensils of foreign production were discovered there. Among them were two bronze cauldrons, a silver basin with twisted ring-shaped handles and a high-sided tray, a silver sieve, a golden hemispherical bowl with horizontal rows of orbed indentations and a five-petalled rosette at the bottom, a silver spherical goblet with a handle in the form of a standing panther and four almost identical kantharoi — ancient Greek drinking vessels. Researchers also found there a silver jug decorated with a 12-petal rosette, an engraved ornament and a handle in the form of a sitting predator figurine.
Bronze cauldron
Creation period
1st – 2nd centuries CE
Dimensions
height 43.0 cm. Leg height 13.5 cm. Lip diameter 18.0 cm. Body diameter 29.0 cm. Spout height 6.5 cm
Technique
bronze, casting
Collection
Exhibition
13
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The bronze cauldron in combination with the sieve, golden bowl and silverware — the basin, jug and other vessels — probably constituted a cult set. All these objects may have served for ritual purposes: one of the forms of bloodless sacrifice to deities were ritual libations of pure wine. The presence of handles made it possible to use the cauldron for hanging over the fire, and with the help of a leg-mount it could be placed on a horizontal surface. The presence of a spout and a third zoomorphic handle made it possible to pour the contents. Such a design was very convenient for a nomadic lifestyle.
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The cauldron has a very complex and interesting shape: a glass-shaped leg, a spherical body decorated with a horizontal ‘rope”-roll; the lip is sharply bent. The spout is short, conical. The three moulded handles of the cauldron are made in the form of animal figures. Perhaps these are images of horses. Besides their functional and decorative purposes, zoomorphic handles were also considered magical charms: they guarded the vessel and its contents.
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In antiquity, the third part of the cauldron leg had already been lost; two horse figures lost one ear each. Today, the cauldron is restored.
Cauldrons of such a shape had appeared in the Eurasian Steppe by the end of the 2nd — 1st centuries BC: a spherical body with a distinct lip, a high hollow leg, zoomorphic handles, eyelets. The cauldron from the collection of the Azov museum-reserve has no eyelets. Only certain specimens had a spout. Cauldrons of that type were found in the graves of the Lower Don, the Volga, the Seversky Donets, Ukraine and Kuban.
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Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation
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Bronze cauldron
Creation period
1st – 2nd centuries CE
Dimensions
height 43.0 cm. Leg height 13.5 cm. Lip diameter 18.0 cm. Body diameter 29.0 cm. Spout height 6.5 cm
Technique
bronze, casting
Collection
Exhibition
13
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