In the top right corner of the stand there is a quotation from Chekhov’s notebook: “We are all a nation, and all that we do is national cause”. From the first days of his life in the estate Chekhov tried to make easier the life of Melikhovo villagers, illiterate and for the most part, living in misery and want. The writer allotted a land plot to them for pasture, allowed them to make hay in his forest, built a fire-engine house, excavated a pond. Due to Chekhov’s efforts, a post office was opened at the Lopasnya railway station, with a telegraph. Two months after moving to Melikhovo Chekhov wrote: ‘I live in harmony with the villagers… the main reason behind our good relations is medicine’. In Serpukhov uyEzd (district) there was only one hospital for 143 villages. Peasants from many villages turned to Chekhov as a doctor. He did not only treat them free of charge, but also provided the required medications. 

While living in Melikhovo, Chekhov wrote a large number of new literary works. He finished his book ‘Sakhalin Island’ and wrote about 50 stories, plays, novels, among them ‘Peasants’, ‘Three Years’, ‘My Life’, ‘The House with the Mezzanine’, ‘The Grasshopper’, ‘The Black Monk’, ‘IOnych’, ‘Rotshild’s Violin’, “Anna on the Neck”, “The Man in the Case”, “Ward № 6”, and others.