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The cupboard of Henry II era

Creation period
The second half of the 16th century
Dimensions
114x174x52 cm
Technique
Wood (walnut), marble, carving, applique
6
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#3
Unknown author
The cupboard of Henry II era
#2
The cupboard in Henry II style was made by an unknown author in the second half of the 16th century. It is made of walnut wood. Its surface is decorated with classic architectural elements: columns, cornices - and figures of ancient gods. 
 
In the 16th century Europe was embraced by Renaissance ideas. People’s thinking has changed from religious to realistic: the society has come to consider the current reality as the main value, not the future life in the paradise. The human personality was now valued above all else. Artists began to turn to the art of antiquity, when the man was the measure of all things: both figures of people and architectural forms sought harmonious, natural proportions. 
 
The style of Henry II is the name of one of the periods of the French Renaissance. Professor Nikolai Sobolev wrote about the periodization of that era: In France the Renaissance is not divided into the early, heyday and late Renaissance, as in Italy.
#7
Here the names of kings who ruled in one period or another are used to refer to shades of the style. Thus, the early Renaissance includes the style of Francis I, and its heyday is called the style of Henry II. Many artists then were making theoretical works about different kinds of art. The researchers especially noted the works of architects Philiber Delorme and du Cerceau. Jacques I Androuet du Cerceau made a number of graphic works with furniture.
Jacques I Androuet du Cerceau. Engraved furniture design. 1550-s.
#6
Cupboards in the style of Henry II resembled antique buildings in their style. On the facades of the furniture the master would place cornices and columns, often install a triangular final on the top - it resembled the gable of a Roman temple. The fronton would be torn in the middle, so that the owners could place a statuette, a vase or a miniature triumphal arch on the free space. 
 
Originally the cupboard from the collection of the Yaroslavl Museum of Fine Arts also had a gable. But the complicated fate forced the furniture to move from one place to another, and the gable was lost somewhere in the way. 
#9
It used to belong to Count Vasily Kochubey. He collected rare books and minerals, as well as works of art: antique furniture, painting, graphics. This is how the cupboard looked like in his mansion in the Tsarskoye Selo, built in 1911 - 1914,
#10
At the beginning of World War I, Kochubey evacuated some of the valuables to a house on the Stone Island in Petrograd. Then, still before the revolution, they were moved to Yaroslavl. After the October revolution, he and his family left for Belgium, leaving Russia within 24 hours after a talk with the first People’s Commissar for Education. Anatoly Lunacharsky offered Kochubey a position in the People’s Commissariat for Foreign Affairs, but the Count refused with the words: I swore an oath to the Lord Emperor and I shall not work for another government. After the conversation the family of Kochubey had to emigrate. There is a legend that Vasily Petrovich left a note in the hallway when he was leaving the mansion: What I have received from Russia I am returning the same to Russia. 
 
Many of the family’s values remained in Yaroslavl. They got to the house No. 3 on the Proboynaya street (now Sovietskaya street), where at that time there was a warehouse for storing property nationalized by the Soviet authorities. In 1920 the cupboard in Henry II style ended up in the museum collection, as it is on display.
#11
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The cupboard of Henry II era

Creation period
The second half of the 16th century
Dimensions
114x174x52 cm
Technique
Wood (walnut), marble, carving, applique
6
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