Voino-Yasenetsky managed to find a way to approach such operations. In his Purulent Surgery Sketches, he wrote about the anatomy and topography of abscesses and phlegmons, provided practical descriptions of where and how a surgeon can see purulent infection, what tissues and parts of the body are usually affected, and what it can lead to. Voino-Yasenetsky discussed how one can find the cavity position in the body, safely open the suppurative focus, make sure no leakages are missed, treat the wound, and follow up the patient afterwards. He discussed cases of various complexity and localization, from the skull and vertebrae to joints and feet, and provided a detailed description of the decision-making process. During operations, Voino-Yasenetsky demonstrated a rational and inventive approach at the same time.

The Purulent Surgery Sketches is not only interesting from a medical perspective. The clinical cases described in the book are structured like fiction stories with their own nodes, development, and turning points. Nowadays, the Sketches have become a classical medical book of the early 20th century. 

 
The Tambov History Museum holds the second edition of the monograph, published in 1946. In the same year, Voino-Yasenetsky was awarded the 1st Grade Stalin Prize for the Sketches and his other major work devoted to late operations on gunshot wounds of infected joints. Neither his position as an archbishop nor the exiles prevented the reward. Doctor Voino-Yasenetsky donated nearly all his prize money to those in need.