During World War II Ilya Naumovich Pal was evacuated to the city of Saransk in Mordovian ASSR. The exposition of the local museum has several works of the painter, including this graphic drawing of Nikolay Platonovich Ogarev (1813-1877) and Alexander Ivanovich Herzen (1812-1870), famous Russian publicists, philosophers, and poets of the 19th century.
Nikolay Ogarev and Alexander Herzen contributed a lot to the development of Russian social and political movement and left a rich literary legacy to future generations. In their youth Nikolay Ogarev and Alexander Herzen, passionate patriots of the country, swore to devote their lives to struggle for the freedom of Russian people. They promised to each other to make every effort to abolish the serfdom and overthrow the tsarist autocracy in Russia. They took their oath on the Sparrow Hills above Moscow in 1827.
The philosophers announced that, first, it was necessary to create a free press without censure the main aim of which would be denunciation of the tsarist autocracy in Russia. Such mass media could be used to promote revolutionary ideas and socialist ideals and, above all, it could openly call on people to actively struggle against the tsarist regime and serfdom.
Alexander Herzen undertook a difficult mission to create an independent Russian press. As it was impossible to implement this plan within the country, in 1847 he emigrated, established the newspaper Polyarnaya Zvyezda (the Polar Star) and decided to deliver it illegally to Russia. The first issue was scheduled on July 25, 1855, the anniversary of the public execution of Decembrists.
In April 1856, Nikolay Ogarev, his old friend and fellow, joined Alexander Herzen. From the very beginning, Nikolay Ogarev started to participate actively in the Free Russian Press and in the second issue of the Polar Star he published his article titled Russian Questions and signed RP which meant A Russian Person.
Nikolay Ogarev offered Alexander Herzen to issue a periodical in London. Then the newspaper Kolokol (the Bell) appeared, it was issued more often than the Polar Star, covering almost all current events, and informed about all most important issues and problems of Russian life. Nikolay Ogarev prepared economic and legal analytical information.
Besides, Nikolay Ogarev wrote convincing proclamations and appeals to the nation. In his turn, Alexander Herzen wrote social and political materials. On the turn of the 19th-20th centuries, a fruitful union of Alexander Herzen and Nikolay Ogarev positively influenced patriotic education of young Russian revolutionists.
Nikolay Ogarev and Alexander Herzen contributed a lot to the development of Russian social and political movement and left a rich literary legacy to future generations. In their youth Nikolay Ogarev and Alexander Herzen, passionate patriots of the country, swore to devote their lives to struggle for the freedom of Russian people. They promised to each other to make every effort to abolish the serfdom and overthrow the tsarist autocracy in Russia. They took their oath on the Sparrow Hills above Moscow in 1827.
The philosophers announced that, first, it was necessary to create a free press without censure the main aim of which would be denunciation of the tsarist autocracy in Russia. Such mass media could be used to promote revolutionary ideas and socialist ideals and, above all, it could openly call on people to actively struggle against the tsarist regime and serfdom.
Alexander Herzen undertook a difficult mission to create an independent Russian press. As it was impossible to implement this plan within the country, in 1847 he emigrated, established the newspaper Polyarnaya Zvyezda (the Polar Star) and decided to deliver it illegally to Russia. The first issue was scheduled on July 25, 1855, the anniversary of the public execution of Decembrists.
In April 1856, Nikolay Ogarev, his old friend and fellow, joined Alexander Herzen. From the very beginning, Nikolay Ogarev started to participate actively in the Free Russian Press and in the second issue of the Polar Star he published his article titled Russian Questions and signed RP which meant A Russian Person.
Nikolay Ogarev offered Alexander Herzen to issue a periodical in London. Then the newspaper Kolokol (the Bell) appeared, it was issued more often than the Polar Star, covering almost all current events, and informed about all most important issues and problems of Russian life. Nikolay Ogarev prepared economic and legal analytical information.
Besides, Nikolay Ogarev wrote convincing proclamations and appeals to the nation. In his turn, Alexander Herzen wrote social and political materials. On the turn of the 19th-20th centuries, a fruitful union of Alexander Herzen and Nikolay Ogarev positively influenced patriotic education of young Russian revolutionists.
