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Horse harness phalera

Creation period
last quarter of the 1st century CE
Dimensions
Diameter 13.7 cm. Overall height 4.5 cm. Agate diameter 8 cm
Technique
gold, bronze, agate, turquoise, glass, garnet (almandine), chasing, inlaying, soldering, polishing
17
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#3
The two large round phalerae — horse harness decorations — were found on the outskirts of the city of Azov, in the burial ground of Dachi in 1986. Objects of this type would be fastened up in the area of the horse’s shoulder joints. However, there are no signs of wear on these burial phalerae. That means that they were used in ritual acts. The massive decorations should be attributed to the Bosporus jewellery tradition, which in that era was based on new oriental trends.
#6
The obverse and reverse side of the phalera
#7
Each phalera is decorated with a relief ornament and inlay. In its central part is placed a patterned agate, attached to the bronze base with a through pin. On top of the stone is a gold medallion in the form of a rosette, which is decorated with a central rounded insert of almandine — a type of garnet of red or red-violet hue. There are turquoise beads in roundish bezels around it. The gaps between the bezels are filled with small inserts of pink coral.
#4
The agate is surrounded by an ornamental composition — it is made on a gold leaf, which is fixed on a bronze base. It consists of four relief figures — lions lying one after another. The turquoise inlays emphasize the muscles of the hips and shoulders. Between the lions in the oval bezels are three almandine and one glass beads set in gold. The outer edge of the phalera is framed by a border of small turquoise, almandine and glass inserts of various shapes.

The garnets are decorated with images made in the intaglio technique — carving with an incised image. On the large oval inserts, the artist carved female figures, on the small one — a trefoil. All bezels, with the exception of those on the lion figures, are soldered separately. 

During the restoration, it turned out that the patterns on the central agate inserts were identical. In other words, to make the decorations, the artist used one mineral, which he sawed into two parts. Each phalera is made of eight gold leaves, each lion figurine — of two. The soldering areas are covered with stone inserts. The back of each phalera has three extant loops for attaching harness reins.
#8
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Horse harness phalera

Creation period
last quarter of the 1st century CE
Dimensions
Diameter 13.7 cm. Overall height 4.5 cm. Agate diameter 8 cm
Technique
gold, bronze, agate, turquoise, glass, garnet (almandine), chasing, inlaying, soldering, polishing
17
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