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Shaman’s tambourine

Creation period
second half of the 19th - beginning of the 20th century
Place of сreation
Tyumen Region, Russia
Dimensions
56 cm in diameter
Technique
handmade with wood, copper, elk skin
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#1
Shaman’s tambourine
#3
A tambourine is an essential attribute for powerful shamans. For a shaman, a tambourine is like a winged horse that he uses to complete his journey across the three-dimensional world, and that he feeds with milk and arak, so it’s a milk-laden vodka. The tambourine presented in the collection was taken from a public building that was constructed especially for the bear ceremony. The last time that anyone practiced shamanism with it was in 1936.

The frame for the tambourine in the collection of the Tobolsk Museum is a wooden hoop 10 centimeters wide, and in the center there are 17 wooden struts inserted perpendicular to the surface as sound cavity supports. The hoop was frequently made from larch or birch. Elk leather was stretched over the frame of the tambourine presented in this collection. Thanks to the struts, the outside line of the tambourine takes on a wavy form. The inner surface of the hoop was decorated with small bells of various sizes, and with rings hung on two wires, with ten on each of them. Now there are only two bells on the hoop, attached at the base of the handle, and the remains of a bent wire. On the outer surface there are no images or decorations - this is a characteristic detail for tambourines made by various groups of Khanty, an indigenous Ugric people. Occasionally, the Khanty depicted simple circles on the surface of the tambourine.
#4
The tambourine was made on instructions from the spirit - the guardian that told the shaman in his dreams what the tambourine should be made of. The shaman himself caught the animal whose skin was then pulled over the tambourine, and whose spirit settled into the instrument. In the process of making a tambourine, it received the strength of an entire lineage. Tambourines were made to be fairly large, reaching up to 50-60 centimeters in diameter. Their shape was not always perfectly round. The traditions of how tambourines are structured and designed have been passed down from generation to generation.
The stick is a vital component of the tambourine. The shaman used it to drive his horse, meaning the tambourine, during his journey to the upper and lower worlds. Frequently, shamans believed that a good stick was more important than a good tambourine. The stick was made of wood, covered with the skin of a mountain goat, deer, or bear, with copper rings were hung to it that rang when the tambourine was struck. Picking up the beat on the surface of the tambourine, the shaman urged the horse on, forcing him to rise higher and higher, and by slowing down the beat he returned back. Some shamans are said to have driven six horses in their lives, meaning changed tambourines six times.
#5
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Shaman’s tambourine

Creation period
second half of the 19th - beginning of the 20th century
Place of сreation
Tyumen Region, Russia
Dimensions
56 cm in diameter
Technique
handmade with wood, copper, elk skin
0
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