Production began simultaneously at the Tula, Izhevsk, and Sestroretsk arms factories. The Izhevsk factory alone produced three varieties of the 3-line rifles: an infantry rifle, a shorter and lighter Dragoon rifle, and a Cossack rifle, which was almost identical to the Dragoon version but did not have a bayonet, unlike the infantry. In 1896, the Izhevsk plant was already producing 1,000 Mosin’s rifles per day. They were still released during the First World War, the Izhevsk-Votkinsk uprising, and the Russian Civil War.

A new version of the 3-line rifle was introduced in 1930 — it got a round receiver, front sight cover that protects the front sight from displacement. It was named the “Mosin’s Rifle Model 1891/30”. In the pre-war years, the Izhevsk Machine-Building Plant began to master the production of Simonov’s semi-automatic rifle and Tokarev’s self-loading rifle, so the production of the Mosin rifle in 1940 was curtailed, only to be restarted in June 1941. The chief engineer of the plant, Solomon Gindinson, managed to establish a conveyor system for the preparation of parts and assemblies, and every day 12 thousand rifles and carbines of the Mosin system came off the factory conveyors.