The Tambov Regional Museum was founded in 1879.
In 1937, the museum received the official status of a regional museum of local lore and revived its scientific and educational work.
Today the museum is located in the building of the House of Political Enlightenment which has both permanent and temporary exhibitions.
The museum’s fund has more than 120,000 items, including unique publications and documents of the 17th–20th centuries, paintings and graphic works, examples of decorative and applied arts, weapons, ethnographic, archaeological, and natural science collections.